The international biotechnology industry is a horizontal discipline that combines broad scientific and technological knowledge and involves the use of various techniques such as: recombinant DNA, bioprocesses, cell culture and tissues, etc. in the intervention to improve production and achieve the solution of problems associated with products and processes of multiple productive sectors: such as agriculture, food, textiles, health, cellulose and paper, environment, among others.
How does the international biotechnology industry work?
The international biotechnology industry, also known as Industrial Biotechnology (IB), uses living cells (bacteria, yeast, algae, animal cells) and their components, such as enzymes or nucleic acids, to generate products and processes. The classic definition of biotechnology made by the OECD in 1987, included in that word, both “bio” (basic molecular biology) and technology, engineering. With the rapid, wide and incessant development of biotechnology in human health, it overshadowed the other sectors (in the late 1990s, the application through transgenic seeds, highlighted the impact on agriculture) that appear strongly in the last 10 years and leads to a broad consideration of the international biotechnology industry, including all productive sectors.
BI is used, in addition to biopharmaceuticals, vaccines and new diagnostics in human and animal health, for new products such as biodegradable plastics from plants and microorganisms or bioplastics from biomass; It begins to replace biomass with oil from biorefineries that can produce energy (biofuels), materials and chemicals.
This new technology, commonly known as biotechnology, is marking a turning point for a change in the production and services model, but also due to its life sciences nature, it influences an industrial vision, but with greater responsibility for common goods, such as health, environment, climates, food.
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